Katchatheevu: Political, Legal, and Socioeconomic Dimensions Introduction Katchatheevu is a small, uninhabited island located in the Palk Strait, approximately 14 nautical miles from Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, India. Despite its modest size of 285 acres, the island has assumed disproportionate significance in the geopolitical and socioeconomic landscape of the region. The island’s strategic position, proximity to vital fishing grounds, and historical ties to Tamil Nadu’s coastal communities have made it a flashpoint in India-Sri Lanka relations. Over the past five decades, Katchatheevu has been at the centre of political debates, legal disputes, and bilateral negotiations, highlighting the complex interplay between sovereignty, economic interests, and regional politics. This essay explores the multifaceted issues surrounding Katchatheevu, including its historical background, legal status, economic impact, and political implications, with a particular focus on the perspectives of India...